Trying
something a little new with the formatting here. Please make your comments/thanks/complaints
in the space down below.
Anyway, looking at the calendar, it’s getting to that season where I blather on about superheroes again.
Or maybe
superpowers.
Or
both. They’re kinda related after all.
As some of
the book covers displayed on this page suggest, superheroes are kinda my jam. Have been for years and years now. I wouldn’t
claim to be an expert on the subject, but I feel safe saying my knowledge level
is in the higher percentiles. I thought
about these stories a lot as a kid growing up and, in a way, even more since
I’ve moved into this odd career of “professional storyteller.” It’s a topic I can blather on about a lot.
As I’m about to demonstrate...
As I’m about to demonstrate...
One thing
I’ve noticed in some corners is a bad habit people have of labeling a lot of
things “superhero” stories, because that title carries a lot of weight. About twenty billion dollars worth, if
we go off the Marvel Cinematic Universe.
Not exactly a bad weight to have hanging on your shoulders.
But...
I think
it’s worth noting that there are a lot of differences between a superhero story
and a story about people with superpowers.
They are not the same thing. Not remotely.
And if I try to do one while using the devices and tropes of another...
well, I’m going to mess with people’s expectations. Which usually leads to a disappointed
audience.
Now,
granted, none of what I’m spouting here is formal rules set down by tenured
professors or doctoral candidates. If we just look at a lot of
fiction, though, we’ll see that this idea’s been around for ages. Superhero stories and superpowers stories have
always been two very different animals.
So, what
are some of those differences?
Let’s break
‘em down...
First
off, superpowers do not automatically equal superheroes. We can all agree on that, right? Carrie. Blackbirds. Limitless. Girl Like A Bomb. Glass. Stranger Things. All of
these stories feature people with superhuman abilities.
But are any
of these superhero stories? Not really. Just having some sort of superpower doesn’t
automatically make someone heroic. Heck,
in a couple of those stories the person with the powers is arguably the villain.
And that
brings me to my second point (one of the big ones). Heroics depend very much on motivation. The same action can be heroic in one
situation, almost cowardly or bully-ish in another. Or maybe it’s just an action. We all do things on a daily basis that are
personally motivated, and maybe even a bit challenging, but it doesn’t make them heroic, right? A superhero story's almost always defined
by a character who makes a conscious decision to use their powers for a wider
goal that may not benefit them (and often doesn’t). Obvious as it may
sound... superheroes act heroically.
And just to
be clear, when I’m speaking about heroic actions... Don’t confuse heroic actions (i.e. actions
that are brave and selfless and pure of heart) with the actions of our hero
(i.e. actions taken by the protagonist).
Just because he or she’s the hero of the story doesn’t mean all their actions are
automatically heroic. Make sense?
Good.
When we read stories about
super-powered folks, though, they’re almost always more personal and
intimate. Dare I say... a little selfish. In these stories, people are doing things
much more for themselves than for any sort of greater good. It’s not that they’re evil, it’s just that
the plot concerns them first and maybe the world second or third. If at all.
Another common point of confusion here is doing the right thing for the wrong reason. Is Yakko taking down the bad guy because it’s the right thing to do... or just to get revenge? Is Dot stopping the bomb to save thousands of innocents... or just to save her friends who are handcuffed to it? Is Wakko fighting the Automata Society to end their reign of terror... or just so they’ll stop coming after him?
A third
point (strongly related to the last one) is that superhero stories tend to be
about public use of powers and abilities.
They’re about people who’ve decided to use their abilities to help
others, and they get seen doing it. This
public nature also means they deal with public reactions of one kind or another. Sometimes they’re
loved, sometimes they’re feared and hated.
I’ll note a lot of stories that are just about folks with superpowers tend to involve hiding abilities. Keeping things secret from the world at large. In the same way their motives are personal, their actions tend to be a lot more low-key and behind the scenes. In fact, when abilities get revealed in a superpowers story, it’s almost always a cause for panic.
I’ll note a lot of stories that are just about folks with superpowers tend to involve hiding abilities. Keeping things secret from the world at large. In the same way their motives are personal, their actions tend to be a lot more low-key and behind the scenes. In fact, when abilities get revealed in a superpowers story, it’s almost always a cause for panic.
That flows
nicely into point number four.
The abilities in superhero stories tend to be much more extreme. Phoebe’s not just strong, she’s
throwing-cars-down-the-street strong.
Wakko doesn’t just move things with his mind, he can throw cars down the
street with his mind. Dot doesn’t just start fires, she can throw fireballs
that blast cars down the street.
You get the
point. Superhero stories involve
throwing a lot of cars around.
But when a story’s just about someone with superpowers, we tend to see a lot more limits on those abilities. Not always (Dark
City and The Lathe of
Heaven come to mind), but most of the time they seem to be much more
grounded in reality. A little easier to
rationalize, at least. Side effects and
odd handicaps are much more common.
And for our fifth and final point, let’s talk about the elephant in the superhero room. The costume. The outfit that hides our hero’s secret identity from the world.
But when a story’s just about someone with superpowers, we tend to see a lot more limits on those abilities. Not always (
And for our fifth and final point, let’s talk about the elephant in the superhero room. The costume. The outfit that hides our hero’s secret identity from the world.
I wouldn’t
say a costume/secret identity is absolutely necessary, but I do think it
creates a lot of odd situations in my story if there isn’t one. If everyone knows who Yakko is, then they
know who Yakko’s friends and family are.
They can find out where he lives and shops and eats. If he’s not using a secret identity, he’s
either aiming for a very solitary life or he’s painting a lot of targets
on people and places.
One other aspect of this a friend of mine once brought up (he’s one of the writers on the new Pet
Semetary movie (shameless plug)) is that a superhero often becomes an
identity unto themselves. They’re iconic
symbols, and not necessarily tied to the people who first created them. Spider-Man, Batman, Ms. Marvel, Superman,
Captain America ,
the Flash... all of these superhero identites have had multiple people behind
them.
Compare all of that to a story
about superpowers, where secret identities almost never come up because...
well, like I mentioned in point three, nobody knows about them. I don’t have to hide my identity when I
teleport because I do everything I can to make sure nobody finds out I can
teleport. So the people in these stories
tend to wear... well, street clothes.
They never duck into a phone booth to change before using their powers
in public because—again—they almost never use their powers in public.
Okay, for our sixth
and final-for-reals-now point, let me add this.
The setting matters a lot in these stories, too. If I’m just telling a story about
superpowers, they’re almost always set in the real world. Or, at least, a world indistinguishable from
the real world to the casual viewer.
Because if they weren’t, it’d imply having superpowers wasn’t that
impressive. Being telepathic in the sci-fi world of the Federation—a coalition of hundreds of alien races with unique abilities-- is
checking a box on a recruitment form. Being
telepathic in a documentary about 1940’s Paris ,
though... that’s freakin’ amazing.
Superhero
stories, though, tend to take place in worlds that are already fantastic. They’re already pre-loaded with amazing
things. Consider the Marvel Cinematic
Universe. Aliens are real and publicly
known. Magic is real and publicly
known. Cyborgs. Androids.
Inhumans. Demons. People fly!
Lots of people! This is not the world outside anyone’s window.
Now, again,
this is not a set of iron-clad guidelines.
I have not defended my thesis or gone through rigorous peer review. This is just forty-odd years of observation
paired with forty-odd years of thinking about how stories are told. And, as I often say, there's always going to be exceptions. So if I’ve got a
superhero who doesn’t wear a costume or a super-powered person who’s acting
very heroically, it doesn’t mean my whole story’s about to collapse.
But maybe I should run my story of super-powered beings through this list and just see what side of things they fall on. Does most of it line up with the kind of story I want to tell? Is the label I’m putting on it—and the expectations that label will bring—going to match up with what my story delivers?
Because if
it doesn’t... maybe I’m writing the wrong thing.
Next time,
I’d like to quickly revisit an old favorite before heading off to Wondercon for the weekend.
Until then... go write!
Too soon.
ReplyDeleteI realize we got the word about the Ex series about 9 months ago but...
https://i.chzbgr.com/full/2074932480/hBD3E7576/
Oh, um...I prefer the older format...if you're taking votes, that is. Maybe if I were reading this on my phone I'd feel differently. But here I sit at my desktop...
ReplyDeleteMr. Cline,
ReplyDeleteWe just completed your “Paradox Bound”, most enjoyable. Our only regret was at the displeasure that this was not a trilogy, as your Threshold Series was. We are certain we can convince you, to make more.
Please don’t take any trips outside your city Mr. Cline. We’ll be in touch soon.
Thank you Mr. Cline
Sincerely,
15
here's a vote for the new formatting. :-)
ReplyDelete